Gradient = slope on a straight line. In the formula y=mx+b, m=slope, b=y-intercept, x=input data, y=output data. If you have a graph, then it is very easy. Right-click on the data, go to ';add trendline';, and select linear. Then select the trendline, right-click, and go to format trendline. Go to the ';options'; tab. Check the box for ';display equation on chart';. The equation will be in the form y=mx+b. Where m is your slope.
If you only have the data then you can use the formula: (y2-y1)/(x2-x1) or change in output over change in input.
I hope this helps...
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